ELISA Assays

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) is a biochemical technique used mainly in immunology to detect the presence of an antibody or an antigen in a sample. This is a rapid immunochemical test that provides an enzyme (a protein that catalyzes a biochemical reaction). ELISA assays are considered highly sensitive and specific compared to radioimmune assay (RIA).

Invitek provides ELISA test services for different cytokine-like, Tumor Necrosis Factor TNF-a; Interleukin IL-1b, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12/IL-23p40; Interferon INF-y; C-Reactive Protein; Insulin; Leptin; Nitric Oxide NO.

Invitek also provides services for Glucose, Triglyceride, Free Faty Acid, Cholesterol, AST, ALT, BUN and Creatinin.

Hyperinsulinemic-Euglycemic Clamp (HEGC) study

Hyperinsulinemic-Euglycemic Clamp, or insulin clamp, is the most useful means of assessing insulin action in vivo.  During an insulin clamp, hyperinsulinemia is accomplished by a constant insulin infusion. Euglycemia is maintained through concomitant glucose infusion at a variable rate. This variable glucose infusion rate (GIR) is determined by measuring blood glucose at different intervals throughout the experiment and adjusting the GIR accordingly. The GIR is indicative of whole-body insulin action, as the animal with enhanced insulin action requires a greater GIR.

Invitek offers hyper insulin euglycemic clamp study in the rats. Right jugular vein and left carotid artery, catheterized under anesthesia. Both insulin and glucose infused through catheterized right jugular vein and blood glucose levels monitored from the catheterized carotid artery. Arterial blood glucose levels monitored prior to infusion and 0 minutes and then at every 10 minutes for 120 minutes (t=120), using Glucose meter. The clamps continued for 120 minutes (t=120) whereby experiment was terminated.

Insulin sensitivity calculated by GIR from the concentration of glucose solution that infused, flow rate, and the time between change of flow rates, and weight of rats.

Glucose Tolerance Test

The glucose tolerance test (GTT) used to measure individual with normal or impaired glucose tolerance with Type II diabetes. Glucose concentration and insulin levels measured at different time points after glucose administration.

Invitek offers Glucose Tolerance Test in the various strain of mice and rats such as db/db, ob/ob, DIO, STZ and DIO rats and ZDF fa/fa rats through following the route of glucose administration.

 

  • OGTT (Oral Glucose Tolerance Test)
  • IPGTT (Intraperitoneal Glucose Tolerance Test)
  • IVGTT (Intravenous Glucose Tolerance Test)